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Recent questions tagged sensors-and-industrial-instrumentation

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GATE IN 2026 | Question: 15
Active strain gauges are connected in a half-bridge configuration to measure strain in a cantilever element. When powered by a voltage source of $10$ $\mathrm{V}$, the vo...
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GATE IN 2026 | Question: 16
A glass $\mathrm{pH}$ electrode behaves linearly with an output change of $60$ $\mathrm{mV}$ per unit change in $\mathrm{pH}$. The measurement reference is set such that ...
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GATE IN 2026 | Question: 20
Which of the following statements is/are correct for a thermocouple?It is based on the Seebeck Effect.The change in resistance is measured.The voltage difference between ...
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GATE IN 2026 | Question: 40
A parallel plate capacitive displacement sensor has a plate area of $2 \mathrm{~cm}^{2}$. The air gap between the plates is decreased by $0.1$ mm from an initial value of...
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GATE IN 2025 | Question: 3
The working of the hand-held metal detector most widely used by security personnel for human frisking is based on the principle ofchange in reluctance of an iron core in ...
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GATE IN 2025 | Question: 4
The primary coil of a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) is supplied with AC voltage as shown in the figure. The secondary coils are connected in series oppo...
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GATE IN 2025 | Question: 5
In the force transducer shown in Figure (a), four identical strain gauges $S1, S2, S3$, and $S4$ are mounted on a cantilever at equal distance from its base. $S1$ and $S2...
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GATE IN 2025 | Question: 12
Match the following sensors with their most suitable applications.$$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline & \textbf{Sensor} & & \textbf{Application} \\ \hline \text{P} & \text{...
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GATE IN 2025 | Question: 43
A metallic strain-gauge $(\mathrm{SG})$ with resistance $R_{\mathrm{SG}}$ is connected as shown in the figure, where $R_{\mathrm{L} 1}, R_{\mathrm{L} 2}, R_{\mathrm{L} 3}...
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GATE IN 2025 | Question: 48
The resistance of a thermistor is measured to be $2.25 \: \mathrm{k} \Omega$ at $30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and $1.17 \: \mathrm{k} \Omega$ at $60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Its ma...
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GATE IN 2024 | Question: 4
Match the following measuring devices with their principle of measurement.$$\begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline \textbf{Measuring Device} & \textbf{Principle of Measurement} \\ \...
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GATE IN 2024 | Question: 11
A linear transducer is calibrated for the ranges shown in the figure. The gain of the transducer is $\_\_\_\_\_$ $\mathrm{mA} /{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ (rounded off to two...
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GATE IN 2024 | Question: 19
Consider the readout circuit of a piezoelectric sensor shown in the figure.When the piezoelectric sensor generates a charge $q_{p}$, the resulting change in voltage $\mat...
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GATE IN 2024 | Question: 22
A linear potentiometer $(0-10 \mathrm{k} \Omega)$ is used to measure the water level as shown in the figure. The resistance between $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{C}$ varies l...
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GATE IN 2024 | Question: 42
Consider the capacitive sensor circuit and its output voltage shown in the figure. The circuit is switched $\mathrm{ON}$ at $\mathrm{t}=0$. Assuming the opamp to be ideal...
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GATE IN 2024 | Question: 46
A shielded cable with $\mathrm{C}_{\text {stray }}=20 \mathrm{~pF}$ and $\mathrm{R}_{\text {wire }}=10 ~\Omega$ is used to connect the inductive sensors as shown in the f...
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GATE IN 2023 | Question: 3
Which of the following flow meters offers the lowest resistance to the flow? Turbine flow meter Orifice flow meter* Venturi meter Electromagnetic flow meter
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GATE IN 2022 | Question: 2
A pneumatic nozzle-flapper system is conventionally used to convert __________Small changes in flapper’s velocity to large changes in output temperatureSmall changes in f...
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GATE IN 2022 | Question: 7
A Hall sensor is based on the principle of ___________Photoelectric effectSeebeck effectPiezoelectric effectLorentz force
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GATE IN 2022 | Question: 9
The figure shows a Chromel-Alumel thermocouple, where the junction $A$ is held at temperature $T_{A},$ and a thermal emf $E_{1}$ is measured using an ideal voltmeter betw...
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GATE IN 2021 | Question: 7
Input-output characteristic of a temperature sensor is exponential for aThermistorThermocoupleResistive Temperature Device $\text{(RTD)}$Mercury thermometer
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GATE IN 2021 | Question: 18
A strain gage having nominal resistance of $1000\:\Omega$ has a gage factor of $2.5$. If the strain applied to the gage is $100\:\mu m/m$, its resistance in ohm will chan...
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GATE IN 2021 | Question: 20
A piezoresistive pressure sensor has a sensitivity of $\text{1 (mV/V) /kPa}$. The sensor is excited with a $\text{dc}$ supply of $\text{10 V}$ and the output is read usin...
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GATE IN 2021 | Question: 33
A $\text{J}$-type thermocouple has an output voltage $V_{\theta }=\left ( 13650+50\: \theta _{x} \right ) \mu \;V$, where $\theta _{x}$ is the junction temperature in Cel...
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GATE IN 2021 | Question: 53
For the full bridge made of linear strain gages with gage factor $2$ as shown in the diagram, $R_{1}=R_{2}=R_{3}=R_{4}=100 \:\Omega$ at $0^{\circ}C$ and strain is $0$. Th...
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GATE IN 2017 | Question: 24
The standard for long distance analog signal transmission in process control industry is $\text{4-20 mV}$$\text{0-20 mA}$$\text{4-20 mA}$$\text{0-5 V}$
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GATE2019 IN: 13
Thermocouples measure temperature based on Photoelectric effectSeebeck effectHall effectThermal expansion
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GATE2019 IN: 37
A differential capacitive sensor with a distance between the extreme plates $100\;mm$ is shown in figure below. The difference voltage $\Delta V=V_1-V_2,$ where $V_1$ and...
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GATE2019 IN: 38
A piezoelectric transducer with sensitivity of 30 m V/kPa is intended to be used in the range of 0 kPa to 100 kPa. The readout circuit has a peak noise amplitude of 0.3 m...
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GATE2016-23
A peizo-electric type pressure sensor has a sensitivity of $\text{1 mV/kPa}$ and a bandwidth of $\text{300 Hz to 300 kHz.}$ For a constant (dc) pressure of $\text{100 kPa...
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GATE2016-50
In the circuit below, the opamp is ideal and the sensor is an $RTD$ whose resistance $R_\theta=1000(1+0.004\;\theta)\Omega$, where $\theta$ is temperature in $^0C$. The o...
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GATE2015-19
Liquid flow rate is measured usinga Pirani gaugea pyrometeran orifice platea Bourdon tube
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GATE2014-11
Semiconductor strain gages typically have much higher gage factors than those of metallic strain gages, primarily due to:higher temperature sensitivityhigher Poisson’s ra...
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GATE2014-34
A barium titanate piezoelectric crystal with $d_{33}=150\;pC/N, C_{crystal}=25\;pF$ and $R_{crystal}=10^{10}\Omega$ is used to measure the amplitude of a step force. The ...
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GATE IN 2013 | Question: 48
A tungsten wire used in a constant current hot wire anemometer has the following parameters :Resistance at $0^\circ C$ is $10\Omega$, Surface area is $10^{-4}m^2$, Linear...
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GATE IN 2012 | Question: 18
A strain gauge is attached on a cantilever beam as shown. If the base of the cantilever vibrates according to the equation $x(t)=\sin\omega_1t+\sin\omega_2t,$ where $2\;\...
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GATE IN 2012 | Question: 16
A capacitive motion transducer circuit is shown. The gap $d$ between the parallel plates of the capacitoes is varied as $d(t)=10^{-3}[1+0.1\sin(1000\pi t)]\;\text{m}.$ If...
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GATE2018IN: 22
As shown in the figure, temperature $\theta$ is measured using a $K$ type thermocouple. It has a sensitivity of 40 $\mu V/^{\circ}C$. The gain $(G)$ of the ideal instrume...
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GATE2018IN: 23
A piezoelectric pressure sensor has a bandpass characteristic with cut-off frequencies of 0.1 Hz and 1 MHz, and a sensitivity of 100 mV/kPa. The sensor is subjected to a ...
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