Recent questions without answers

In a cascade control system, the closed loop transfer function of the inner loop may be assumed to have a single time-constant $\tau$${_1}$. Similarly, the closed loop tr...

The loop-gain function L(s) of a control system with unity feedback is given to be L(s) = $\frac{k}{(s + 1)(s + 2)(s + 3)}$, where k >0. If the gain cross-over frequency...

If each of the values of inductance, capacitance and resistance of a series LCR circuit are doubled, the Q-factor of the circuit wouldreduce by a factor $\sqrt{2}$reduce ...

In the circuit shown below, the input voltage V${_i}{_n}$ is positive. The current (I) – voltage(V) characteristics of the diode can be assumed to be I = I${_0}$e$^{v/vr}...

The correct biasing conditions for typical operation of light emitting diodes, photodiodes, Zener diodes are, respectivelyforward bias, reverse bias, reverse biasreverse ...

The circuit shown in the figure below uses ideal positive edge-triggered synchronous J-K flip flops with outputs X and Y. If the initial state of the output is X =0 and Y...

Thermocouples measure temperature based on Photoelectric effectSeebeck effectHall effectThermal expansion

Four strain gauges in a Wheatstone bridge configuration are connected to an instrumentation amplifier as shown in the figure. From the choices given below, the preferred ...

In a single-mode optical fiber, the zero-dispersion wavelength refers to the wavelength at which the material dispersion is zero.waveguide dispersion is zero.sum of mater...

A 3 x 3 matrix has eigenvalues 1, 2 and 5. The determinant of the matrix is $\_\_\_\_$.

In the circuit shown below, maximum power is transferred to the load resistance R${_L}$, when R${_L}$ = $\_\_\_\_$ $\Omega$.

Consider a circuit comprising only resistors with constant resistance and ideal independent DC voltage sources. If all the resistances are scaled down by a factor 10, an...

In the circuit shown below, initially the switch S${_1}$ is open, then capacitor C1 has a charge of 6 coulomb, and the capacitor C2 has 0 coulomb. After s${_1}$ is closed...

An 8-bit weighted resistor digital-to-analog converter(DAC) has the smallest resistance of 500 $\Omega$. The largest resistance has a value $\_\_\_\_$ k$\Omega$.

The total number of Boolean functions with distinct truth-tables that can be defined over 3 Boolean variables is $\_\_\_\_$.

The figure below shows the i $^{th}$ full-adder block of a binary adder circuit. C${_i}$ is the input carry and C${_i}{_+}{_1}$ is the output carry of the circuit. Assume...

The resistance of a resistor is measured using a voltmeter and an ammeter. The voltage measurements have a mean value of 1 V and standard deviation of 0.12 V while curren...

A pitot-static tube is used to estimate the velocity of an incompressible fluid of density 1 kg/m$^{3}$. If the pressure differences measured by the tube is 200 N/m$^{2}$...

A signal cos(2$\pi$f${_m}$t) modulates a carrier cos(2$\pi$f${_c}$t) using the double -sideband-with-carrier (DSDWC) scheme to yield a modulated signal cos(2$\pi$f${_c}$t...

The function p(x) is given by p(x) = A/x$^\mu$ where A and $\mu$ are constants with $\mu$ 1 and 1 $\le$ x <$\infty$ and p(x) = 0 for -$\infty$ < x <1. For p(x) to be a ...

The dynamics of the state $\begin{bmatrix}x{_1} \\x{_2}\end{bmatrix}$ of a sytem is governed by the differential equation $\begin{bmatrix}x{_1} \\x{_2}\end{bmatrix}$ = ...

A complex function f(z) = u(x,y) + i v(x,y) and its complex conjugate f*(z) = u(x,y) – i v(x,y) are both analytic in the entire complex plane, where z = x + i y and i = $...

In a control system with unity gain feedback, the plant has the transfer function P(s) = 3/s. Assuming that a controller of the form C(s) = K/(s + p) is used, where K is ...

The forward path transfer function L(s) of the control system shown in Figure(a) has the asymptotic Bode plot shown in Figure (b). If the disturbance d(t) is given by d(t...

In the control system shown in the figure below, a reference signal $r(t)=t^2$ is applied at time $t=0$. The control system employs a $PID$ controller $C(s)=K_p+K_1/s+K_D...

A voltage amplifier is constructed using enhancement mode $MOSFETs$ labeled $M_1,M_2,M_3$ and $M_4$ in the figure below. $M_1,M_2$ and $M_4$ are n-channel MOSFETs and $M_...

In the circuit shown below, assume that the comparators are ideal and all components have zero propagation delay. In one period of the input signal $V_{in}=6 \sin(\omega ...

$X=X_1X_0 \;and\;Y=Y_1Y_0$ are 2-bit binary numbers. The Boolean function $S$ that satisfies the condition “If $X>Y$, then $S=1”$, in its minimized form, is$X_1Y_1+X_0Y_0...

In the circuit below, the light dependent resistor $(LDR)$ receives light from the $LED$. The $LDR$ has resistances of $5\;k\Omega$ and $500\;\Omega$ under dark and illum...

A differential capacitive sensor with a distance between the extreme plates $100\;mm$ is shown in figure below. The difference voltage $\Delta V=V_1-V_2,$ where $V_1$ and...

A piezoelectric transducer with sensitivity of 30 m V/kPa is intended to be used in the range of 0 kPa to 100 kPa. The readout circuit has a peak noise amplitude of 0.3 m...

A 100 W light source emits uniformly in all directions. A photodetector having a circular active area whose diameter is 2 cm is placed 1 m away from the source, normal to...

A resistance-meter has five measurement range-settings between 200 $\Omega$ and 2 M$\Omega$ in multiples of 10. The meter measures resistance of a device by measuring a f...

A pulsed laser emits rectangular pulses of width 1 nanosecond at a repetition rate of 1kHz. If the average power output is 1 mW, the average power over a single pulse dur...

​​​​​​Four identical resistive strain gauge factor of 2.0 used in a wheatstone bridge as shown in the figure below. Only one of the strain gauges R${_S}{_E}{_N}{_S}{_E}$ ...

The frequency response of a digital filter H($\omega$) has the following characteristicsPassband: 0.95$\le$|H($\omega$|$\le$1.05 for 0$\le$$\omega$$\le$0.3$\pi$ andStopba...

In the circuit shown below, a step input voltage of magnitude 5 V is applied at node A at time t = 0. If the capacitor has no charge for t $\leq$ 0, the voltage at node P...

In the circuit shown below, the angular frequency $\omega$ at which the current is in phase with the voltage is $\_\_\_\_\_\_$ rad/s.

The transfer function relating the input x(t) to the output y(t) of a system is given by G(s) = 1/(s + 3). A unit-step input is applied to the system at time t = 0. Assum...

The output of a continuous-time system y(t) is related to its input x(t) as y(t) = x(t) + $\frac{1}{2}$x(t-1). If the Fourier transforms of x(t) and y(t) are x($\omega$) ...